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HOW TO DETERMINE PCV (PACKED CELL VOLUME)

The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) Test 1. Objective: This is one of the oldest tests done in medical practice. The objective of this test was to determine the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in whole blood. It  also helped to assess the blood’s capacity to carry oxygen. ________________________________________ 2. Principle: The test was based on the principle that when blood was centrifuged, the red blood cells settled at the bottom of the tube, forming a packed column. The ratio of the packed RBC column to the total blood column gave the packed cell volume (PCV), expressed as a percentage. ________________________________________ 3. Materials: • Microhematocrit capillary tubes • Microhematocrit centrifuge • Plasticine or sealing clay • Microhematocrit reader • Lancet • Alcohol swab • Cotton ________________________________________ 4. Procedure (Microhematocrit Method): 1. The fingertip was cleaned with an alcohol swab and pricked with a sterile lancet. 2. Blood was collected into ...
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FIRST AID FOR CHOKING CASUALTIES

FIRST AID FOR CHOKING CASUALTIES 



Choking occurs when an object or food becomes lodged in the throat or windpipe, blocking airflow.


A first aider performing the Heimlich maneuver on a casualty,to see more pictures



Adults most often choke on a piece of food, such as a large piece of meat. Infants do not have well-developed swallowing reflexes and may choke if given small, rounded foods such as peanuts or hard candies.


 


Children, especially toddlers, also may choke on balloons, toys, coins, other inedible objects that they place in their mouth, and foods (particularly rounded, smooth foods, such as hot dogs, round candies, nuts, beans, and grapes).




If the airflow is blocked, choking can be a medical emergency and needs urgent attention.



Choking is a leading cause of injury and death among children, especially those younger than 4 years of age. The majority of choking-related incidents among children are associated with food, coins, and toys. According to the College of Medicine, the University of Ibadan, More than 1.5 million cases of choking are recorded in Nigeria per year.




SYMPTOMS OF CHOKING INCLUDE;



1. Gagging.  


2. Coughing.  


3. Wheezing.  


4. Watery eyes.  


5. Red face.  


6. Inability to talk at all or at full volume.  


7. Panicked or distressed behavior e.t.c


WHAT TO DO WHEN ONE IS CHOKING?


To see more pictures


One of the most performed procedures, when trying to save someone choking, is the HEIMLICH MANEUVER. In performing this procedure;




Stand behind the person. Place one foot slightly in front of the other for balance. Wrap your arms around the waist. Tip the person forward slightly. If a child is choking, kneel behind the child.  



Make a fist with one hand. Position it slightly above the person's navel.  



Grasp the fist with the other hand. Press hard into the abdomen with a quick, upward thrust —as if trying to lift the person. Perform between six and 10 abdominal thrusts until the blockage is dislodged.




However, please NOTE THAT; The Heimlich maneuver is not recommended for use on infants 12 months or younger. Instead, babies should receive backslaps to dislodge particles causing the child to choke.




Always call your country's or region's emergency hotline when handling emergencies such as choking, especially when you don't have sufficient training.




Take a course that teaches the lifesaving training and skills you need to help prevent, prepare for and respond to emergencies.


Click here,to join the NIGERIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY now.


Help save lives today!



©️ PUBLIC HEALTH ORBITAL

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