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HOW TO DETERMINE PCV (PACKED CELL VOLUME)

The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) Test 1. Objective: This is one of the oldest tests done in medical practice. The objective of this test was to determine the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in whole blood. It  also helped to assess the blood’s capacity to carry oxygen. ________________________________________ 2. Principle: The test was based on the principle that when blood was centrifuged, the red blood cells settled at the bottom of the tube, forming a packed column. The ratio of the packed RBC column to the total blood column gave the packed cell volume (PCV), expressed as a percentage. ________________________________________ 3. Materials: • Microhematocrit capillary tubes • Microhematocrit centrifuge • Plasticine or sealing clay • Microhematocrit reader • Lancet • Alcohol swab • Cotton ________________________________________ 4. Procedure (Microhematocrit Method): 1. The fingertip was cleaned with an alcohol swab and pricked with a sterile lancet. 2. Blood was collected into ...
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STRESS IN NIGERIA

 The greatest weapon against stress is our ability to choose one thought over another”.

—Williams James.


STRESS AND THE NIGERIAN WORKFORCE.



Stress, according to the medical encyclopedia, is a feeling of emotional or physical tension. It can come from any event or thought that makes you feel frustrated, angry, or nervous. Stress is your body’s reaction to a challenge or demand.


Stress is yet another slow killer that is creeping in on the working population between the age range of 18—60 and is fast becoming a major health concern.


Stress could seem instrumental especially when it is employed in quickly solving a task or assignment, meeting a deadline or delivering on your end of an agreement.


But if made habitual and with continued indulgence especially in contemporary setting, chronic stress could set in along with it’s numerous health consequences.


There are two main types of stress:


1.Acute stress. This is short-term stress that goes away quickly. You feel it when you
slam on the brakes, have a fight with your partner, or ski down a steep slope. It helps you manage dangerous situations. It also occurs when you do something new or exciting. All people have acute stress at one time or another.


2.Chronic stress. This is stress that lasts for a longer period of time. You may have
chronic stress if you have money problems, an unhappy marriage, or trouble at work. Any type of stress that goes on for weeks or months is chronic stress. You can become so used to chronic stress that you don’t realize it is a problem.

If you don’t find ways to
manage stress, it may lead to health problems!


Stress contributes to decreased organizational performance, decreased employee overall performance, high error rate and poor quality of work, high staff turnover, and absenteeism due to health problems such as anxiety, emotional disorder; work life imbalance; depression and other forms of ailments such as frequent headache; obesity
and cardiac arrests(Samuel Ajayi, 2018)


Occupational stress is psychological stress related to one’s job. Occupational stress refers to a chronic condition.

Occupational stress can lead to three types of strains:


1.Behavioral (e.g., absenteeism)


2.Physical (e.g., headaches)


3.Psychological (e.g., depressed mood).


A look into the Nigerian health sector found that Overall, the prevalence of psychosocial stress was 61.97% based on analyzed eight articles with the sample size of 1763. Work overload rate at 67.72%, was the most prevalent psychosocial stress risk factor. Other risk factors were poor communication and staff attitude and lack of resources and equipment at 50.37% and 62.4%, respectively. Headache, with neck and back pain, was the most prevalent psychosocial stress-related health outcome at 73.26%. (Charles babajide onigbobi and skrikanta banajee, 2019).


SIGNS OF CHRONIC STRESS INCLUDE;


1.Diarrhea or constipation


2.Forgetfulness


3.Frequent aches and pains


4.Headaches


5.Lack of energy or focus


6.Sexual problems


7.Stiff jaw or neck


8.Tiredness


9.Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much


10.Upset stomach


11.Use of alcohol or drugs to relax.


12.Weight loss or gain.




STRESS ALLEVIATION TECHNIQUES;




1.Eat and drink to optimize your health.


2.Exercise regularly.


3.Study and practice relaxation techniques.


4.Stop using tobacco and nicotine products.


Have a nice and stress free day 👋


I am Obetta Kingsley, a Pharmacist and a Public health Enthusiast. I am dedicated to providing you with Great health tips for your well-being.


©️ PUBLIC HEALTH ORBITAL
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