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HOW TO DETERMINE PCV (PACKED CELL VOLUME)

The Packed Cell Volume (PCV) Test 1. Objective: This is one of the oldest tests done in medical practice. The objective of this test was to determine the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in whole blood. It  also helped to assess the blood’s capacity to carry oxygen. ________________________________________ 2. Principle: The test was based on the principle that when blood was centrifuged, the red blood cells settled at the bottom of the tube, forming a packed column. The ratio of the packed RBC column to the total blood column gave the packed cell volume (PCV), expressed as a percentage. ________________________________________ 3. Materials: • Microhematocrit capillary tubes • Microhematocrit centrifuge • Plasticine or sealing clay • Microhematocrit reader • Lancet • Alcohol swab • Cotton ________________________________________ 4. Procedure (Microhematocrit Method): 1. The fingertip was cleaned with an alcohol swab and pricked with a sterile lancet. 2. Blood was collected into ...
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PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE (PUD)

 PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE (PUD)


Peptic ulcer is a sore that develops on the lining of the oesophagus, stomach or small intestine.


To better grasp the concept of ulcer, imagine having a sore or wound,but on the inside of your body where it is continuously eroded by acidic elements—yes,that's how bad it is!


Now,there are three types of peptic ulcers;



GASTRIC ULCERS: ulcers that develop inside the stomach.


ESOPHAGEAL ULCERS: ulcers that develop inside the esophagus.


DUODENAL ULCERS: ulcers that develop in the upper section of the small intestines, called the duodenum.


Ulcers occur when stomach acid damages the lining of the digestive tract. This damage on the digestive tract could be as a result of prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, naproxen e.t.c as these drugs are acidic in nature.


However, the major cause of PUD, is a gram negative bacteria known as helicobacter pylori. This bacteria causes almost all peptic ulcers, accounting for 80 percent of stomach ulcers and more than 90 percent of duodenal ulcers. The H. pylori bacteria weakens the protective mucous coating of the stomach and duodenum, thus allowing acid to get through to the sensitive lining beneath. Both the acid and the bacteria irritate the lining and cause a sore, or ulcer.


H.pylori also causes chronic gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining) and could potentially cause gastric cancer.



Symptoms of peptic ulcer disease, include;


1.Heartburn.


2.Indigestion.


3.Nausea.


4.Passing excessive amounts of gas(flatulence), or vomiting


5.Abdominal discomfort (pain) e.t.c


The notion that stress causes ulcer is not true, but stress could aggravate symptoms of an existing ulcer.


Spicy foods and citrus juices (like orange juice) should be kept at bay.


SEE YOUR DOCTOR if you have the severe signs or symptoms listed above.


THERE IS A CURE for peptic ulcer disease, don't die in silence and ignorance, see a doctor today.


With more than 100 thousand cases per year in Nigeria, it is safe to say that alot of persons are living with this disease condition.

Read Yesterday's article to know more about management and treatment of peptic ulcers.

https://obettahealthblog.blogspot.com/2022/05/pepetic-ulcer-diseasepud-management-and.html

Like, follow, comment and please share to educate your loved ones 🙏



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